挖掘機液壓泵的維(wei)護與應用

液壓系統的功率主要由液壓泵的容積功率決定，當容積功率下降到72%時，需要進行常規維修、更換軸承和老化密封件，更換或修改配合間隙以外的摩擦副，使其功能恢復。合肥挖掘機修理廠挖掘的物料主要是土壤、煤、泥沙以及經過預松后的土壤和巖石。從近幾年工程機械的發展來看，挖掘機的發展相對較快，挖掘機已經成為工程建設中最主要的工程機械之一。合肥挖掘機維修常見的挖掘機結構包括，動力裝置，工作裝置，回轉機構，操縱機構，傳動機構，行走機構和輔助設施等。安徽挖掘機修理廠直接(jie)完成挖掘(jue)(jue)任務(wu)的(de)裝置。它(ta)由動臂、斗桿、鏟斗等三部(bu)分(fen)鉸接(jie)而成。為了適應各種(zhong)(zhong)不同施工作業(ye)的(de)需要，液壓挖掘(jue)(jue)機(ji)可以配裝多種(zhong)(zhong)工作裝置，如挖掘(jue)(jue)、起重、裝載、平(ping)整、夾鉗、推土(tu)、沖擊錘，旋挖鉆等多種(zhong)(zhong)作業(ye)機(ji)具(ju)。 介紹了直軸(zhou)斜盤柱塞泵的(de)應用及(ji)維修方法.

液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)供油(you)(you)(you)方式(shi)(shi)直軸(zhou)斜(xie)盤柱塞(sai)(sai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)分(fen)為壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)供油(you)(you)(you)型(xing)、自(zi)(zi)吸(xi)(xi)式(shi)(shi)兩種(zhong)。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)油(you)(you)(you)式(shi)(shi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)大多選用(yong)帶(dai)氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、油(you)(you)(you)箱的(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，也(ye)有自(zi)(zi)帶(dai)補油(you)(you)(you)分(fen)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，以(yi)供應進(jin)口壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)油(you)(you)(you)。自(zi)(zi)吸(xi)(xi)式(shi)(shi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，自(zi)(zi)吸(xi)(xi)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)很強，對(dui)油(you)(you)(you)沒有外力(li)(li)(li)(li)作(zuo)用(yong)。根據(ju)氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)供油(you)(you)(you)、液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)箱的(de)不(bu)同(tong)，在(zai)每臺發動機(ji)上，都(dou)要等(deng)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)污漬箱達到使(shi)(shi)用(yong)氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)后，才能操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)機(ji)械。如液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)箱，當缺乏空氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)作(zuo)為機(ji)械時(shi)，就會對(dui)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)產生拉脫現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)，并形成滑動甩板(ban)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)，會在(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)體內形成回(hui)盤和壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)盤，出現(xian)(xian)異(yi)常磨損(sun)。油(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)選用(yong)活塞(sai)(sai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)3000小時(shi)后，操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人員需要每天檢查(cha)活塞(sai)(sai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)1-2次，看(kan)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)聲音是否正常工作(zuo)。如果發現(xian)(xian)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸車速(su)下降或關閉(bi)，應對(dui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)進(jin)行拆卸檢查(cha)，看(kan)看(kan)葉輪的(de)邊緣是否刮傷(shang)表面，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)內齒輪間隙是否過大。對(dui)于(yu)自(zi)(zi)吸(xi)(xi)式(shi)(shi)柱塞(sai)(sai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)箱內的(de)油(you)(you)(you)不(bu)得低于(yu)油(you)(you)(you)品標準(zhun)的(de)下限，并應堅(jian)持液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)數量。液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)清潔(jie)度(du)越高(gao)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命越長。

液(ye)壓(ya)泵(beng)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)柱塞(sai)泵(beng)的主要部件是軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，如果軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)出現(xian)間(jian)隙，液(ye)壓(ya)泵(beng)內(nei)部不能有三(san)對摩擦副的正常(chang)間(jian)隙，同(tong)時也會破壞靜壓(ya)軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的油膜厚度，降(jiang)低柱塞(sai)泵(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的使用(yong)壽命。 根據液(ye)壓(ya)泵(beng)制造商提供的信息，軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的均勻使用(yong)壽命為10000h，超過(guo)該值，需要更(geng)換新端口(kou)。 拆卸軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時，沒有專業的檢(jian)驗儀器無法(fa)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)間(jian)隙，只能選(xuan)擇(ze)目視檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)，如發現(xian)滾子表面(mian)有劃(hua)痕或(huo)變色，則需更(geng)換。 在更(geng)換軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時，應(ying)注意原(yuan)(yuan)軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)英文字母及型號，柱塞(sai)泵(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大多選(xuan)用(yong)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)載能力大的軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，采(cai)(cai)購好原(yuan)(yuan)廠家，原(yuan)(yuan)裝規(gui)格的貨物，如更(geng)換其它品牌， 應(ying)指(zhi)導有軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)經驗的人員查(cha)(cha)閱(yue)表格并更(geng)改(gai)表格，以(yi)便遵守軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的精度等級和(he)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)載能力。

　　3、三對磨擦(ca)副查看與修正3.1 柱塞(sai)桿與缸(gang)體孔(kong)表(biao)1為柱塞(sai)泵件的(de) 替(ti)換進行規范(參見圖1)，當表(biao)中(zhong)所列(lie)的(de) 各種(zhong)不同空隙(xi)超差時，可(ke)按需要下述實(shi)施辦法可(ke)以修正：(1)缸(gang)體鑲裝銅(tong)套(tao)的(de) ，能(neng)夠通(tong)過選用數據替(ti)換公司銅(tong)套(tao)的(de) 辦法及時修正。首先把學生一組研究柱塞(sai)桿處(chu)徑(jing)修整到一個一致(zhi)目(mu)標(biao)尺(chi)度，再用1000#以上的(de) 砂紙拋光設備(bei)外徑(jing)。