而（T 維修挖掘機挖掘機最重要的三個參數：操作重量（質量），發動機功率和鏟斗斗容。挖掘機修理挖掘機挖掘的物料主要是土壤、煤、泥沙以及經過預松后的土壤和巖石。從近幾年工程機械的發展來看，挖掘機的發展相對較快，挖掘機已經成為工程建設中最主要的工程機械之一。 2）減少流動速度的通道被關閉之前，緩沖罐或類似物如卷筒的開口端部。 3）降低時的反射沖擊波的傳播，如導管的距離縮短，或者從一個位置接近所述通道部設置關閉累加器。 4）降低沖擊波傳播速度，例如使用直徑較大的導管，采用更大的彈性系數的材料，如橡膠導管的導管。

運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)部件(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)時(shi)產生的(de) 液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)沖擊Δp＝ΣmΔv/FΔt（公(gong)斤力(li)(li)／厘米2）式中(zhong)：m—被制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)部件(jian)的(de) 質量（公(gong)斤力(li)(li)?秒2／厘米）F—液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)缸有效工作面積（厘米2）由上式可知，為(wei)減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)部件(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)時(shi)產生的(de) 液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)沖擊，應(ying)延長制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)時(shi)所需的(de) 時(shi)間(jian)，或縮小(xiao)(xiao)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)部件(jian)速度的(de) 減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)值(zhi)。如在(zai)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)缸行程終點(dian)采用減(jian)速、節流等緩沖裝置等。二、空穴現(xian)象液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)泵(beng)吸油入(ru)口(kou)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)可按(an)下式計算p泵(beng)＝pa-(hλγ+v2γ/2g+?v2γ/2g +p慣(guan))式中(zhong)：p泵(beng)—液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)泵(beng)吸油入(ru)口(kou)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)吸油損(sun)耗pa—大(da)氣壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)p慣(guan)—由于(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)在(zai)吸入(ru)管和泵(beng)室中(zhong)加速運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)所產生的(de) 壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)。

一(yi)般(ban)(ban)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)系統油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)不超(chao)過(guo)(guo)70℃，一(yi)般(ban)(ban)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)系統油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)不超(chao)過(guo)(guo)70℃，一(yi)般(ban)(ban)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)系統油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)不超(chao)過(guo)(guo)70℃，熱計(ji)算油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)高(gao)60℃。高(gao)壓(ya)系統油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)不超(chao)過(guo)(guo)50℃，機床(chuang)系統油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)不超(chao)過(guo)(guo)室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)25℃，精(jing)密機床(chuang)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)系統油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)不應(ying)超(chao)過(guo)(guo)室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)10℃～15℃。各油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)范(fan)圍的(de)(de)(de)性質可參見下表(biao)。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)范(fan)圍（℃）表(biao)明，在80或100的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)險(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)區(qu)內不允許(xu)使用65°80臨界溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)區(qu)域(yu)內的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)壽命，必(bi)須安(an)裝冷卻(que)器(qi)。對于(yu)每8℃的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)升，油(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)壽命縮短一(yi)半。注意油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在整個溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)區(qu)域(yu)47/55中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)啟動危(wei)險(xian)、理(li)想溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)區(qu)域(yu)20/30中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)以(yi)及(ji)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)區(qu)域(yu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)啟動危(wei)險(xian)。