以wy160a為例，介紹了(le)履(lv)帶式(shi)挖(wa)掘機的液壓系統

(1)液壓系統原(yuan)理圖

WY160A型液壓挖掘機由長江挖土機廠生產。修理挖掘機常見的挖掘機結構包括，動力裝置，工作裝置，回轉機構，操縱機構，傳動機構，行走機構和輔助設施等。維修挖掘機挖掘機最重要的(de)三個參數(shu)：操作(zuo)重量(liang)（質(zhi)量(liang)），發動機功率和鏟斗(dou)斗(dou)容。它有(you)一個具有(you)正(zheng)、反鏟和其它特(te)殊需(xu)要的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)裝置。反鏟的(de)標(biao)準鏟斗(dou)容量(liang)為(wei)1.6m3，機器重量(liang)為(wei)38.5t，WY160A型挖掘機液壓系統原理(li)為(wei)。

(2)主油路

WY160A高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)挖掘機全(quan)功率(lv)變量雙(shuang)(shuang)泵(beng)雙(shuang)(shuang)回(hui)路的(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統。通過(guo)吸(xi)入(ru)(ru)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和手動閥(fa)選擇的(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)雙(shuang)(shuang)泵(beng)可變雙(shuang)(shuang)泵(beng)激功率(lv)而從貯(zhu)存(cun)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以2×210L / min的(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，封入(ru)(ru)氣(qi)(qi)體液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)箱預加載窄槽，液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)箱的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)流量的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)已經安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在主(zhu)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)入(ru)(ru)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)細過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和粗過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)，共細過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)回(hui)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)口(kou)，所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)主(zhu)泵(beng)以防止(zhi)土壤污染(ran)和提高(gao)在平行(xing)泵(beng)的(de)(de)(de)雙(shuang)(shuang)重生(sheng)(sheng)活在進油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)口(kou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)信號指示繼電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)精細過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，當產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)返回(hui)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)堵塞或(huo)過(guo)量的(de)(de)(de)污物，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)入(ru)(ru)口(kou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)差，當該(gai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)差大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)安(an)(an)全(quan)載荷壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)高(gao)時(shi)，信號光(guang)繼電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)觸點(dian)閉合時(shi)，安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在駕駛室的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)污染(ran)指示器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)反射回(hui)，駕駛員了解需要清潔或(huo)更換過(guo)濾(lv)(lv)(lv)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)回(hui)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you);排氣(qi)(qi)閥(fa)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在所(suo)述(shu)(shu)(shu)液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)箱，當罐內壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)超過(guo)預定值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)預空氣(qi)(qi)，排氣(qi)(qi)閥(fa)自動打開排氣(qi)(qi)，使得壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)罐一(yi)直在安(an)(an)全(quan)范圍內。的(de)(de)(de)變量泵(beng)入(ru)(ru)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)手動截止(zhi)也安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)閥(fa)，便于(yu)(yu)修理或(huo)拆卸液(ye)(ye)體當泵(beng)，貯(zhu)存(cun)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和液(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統隔開。

泵(beng)al排出的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)進(jin)入(ru)左(zuo)主(zhu)(zhu)控(kong)(kong)制閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)組(zu)(zu)20后(hou)，當左(zuo)主(zhu)(zhu)控(kong)(kong)制閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)組(zu)(zu)換(huan)向(xiang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)桿(gan)(gan)處于中(zhong)間位置時(shi)，油(you)(you)流(liu)過左(zuo)主(zhu)(zhu)控(kong)(kong)制閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)組(zu)(zu)20的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)間油(you)(you)道，經冷卻器18返(fan)回油(you)(you)箱。左(zuo)主(zhu)(zhu)控(kong)(kong)制閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)總成20的(de)(de)(de)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)桿(gan)(gan)反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力油(you)(you)分別進(jin)入(ru)左(zuo)行走液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬達(da)(da)、回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)馬達(da)(da)和斗(dou)(dou)(dou)桿(gan)(gan)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)缸，分別驅動(dong)左(zuo)履帶(dai)行駛、上機架轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)和斗(dou)(dou)(dou)桿(gan)(gan)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)缸伸出斗(dou)(dou)(dou)桿(gan)(gan)油(you)(you)桿(gan)(gan)。當左(zuo)主(zhu)(zhu)控(kong)(kong)制閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)組(zu)(zu)20的(de)(de)(de)二、二、三通(tong)(tong)(tong)換(huan)向(xiang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)桿(gan)(gan)處于不(bu)換(huan)向(xiang)狀態時(shi)，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力油(you)(you)進(jin)入(ru)四通(tong)(tong)(tong)換(huan)向(xiang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，分別實現(xian)動(dong)臂液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸大腔和斗(dou)(dou)(dou)式液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸的(de)(de)(de)合流(liu)，加(jia)快起重臂或(huo)挖斗(dou)(dou)(dou)速度。當左(zuo)主(zhu)(zhu)控(kong)(kong)制閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)組(zu)(zu)20的(de)(de)(de)兩通(tong)(tong)(tong)、二通(tong)(tong)(tong)和三通(tong)(tong)(tong)換(huan)向(xiang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)任何一個反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)時(shi)，第四通(tong)(tong)(tong)切斷(duan)換(huan)向(xiang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)油(you)(you)口，切斷(duan)泵(beng)al的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力油(you)(you)到動(dong)臂液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸或(huo)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)式液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸主(zhu)(zhu)腔的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)道，但泵(beng)A2排出的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力油(you)(you)仍能(neng)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過右主(zhu)(zhu)控(kong)(kong)制閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)組(zu)(zu)8進(jin)入(ru)動(dong)臂液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸或(huo)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)式液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸主(zhu)(zhu)腔，實現(xian)動(dong)臂提升或(huo)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)式挖掘。左(zuo)主(zhu)(zhu)控(kong)(kong)制閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)組(zu)(zu)20進(jin)油(you)(you)口設有主(zhu)(zhu)安全閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，主(zhu)(zhu)溢流(liu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力整定(ding)值為27.5mpa，保護泵(beng)Al不(bu)受超壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)負荷的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響