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挖掘機發動機維修中的幾種簡單方法

2020/2/29

隨著建筑機械的不斷發展，對外交流的日益廣泛，進口發動機的檢修已是建筑單位機械維修中的重點和難點，怎樣在檢修中做到既簡單可靠又確保發動機的技術指標呢？本文討論工地上實用的調整氣門間隙、供油時間、檢測軸瓦間隙的簡單辦法。1發動機氣門間隙的調整調整氣門間隙通常采用逐缸調整或二次調整的辦法，但如果發動機上沒有刻度和記號，往往造成誤差（尤其是二次調整），使發動機進氣不足、排氣不凈，降低發動機功率和最大扭矩。維修上海英格索蘭P600空壓機時，日產BF6L913C發動機進、排氣門間隙只有0．15mm，發動機上無任何刻度標記，若氣門重疊時刻稍把握不準，即造成氣門間隙較大的誤差。采用以下方法調整，與采用二次調整法相比挖掘機維修,挖掘機修理,維修挖掘機,修理挖掘機。
獲得了更為(wei)理想的(de)效果(guo)。調整1缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)間隙。從風機端看順時針搖轉曲軸（發動機運轉方向），6缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，同(tong)時看5缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)尾(wei)，4缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)一瞬，即(ji)為(wei)1缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)上(shang)止(zhi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。其它幾缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)開(kai)(kai)(kai)閉特征見表1。一缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)壓(ya)縮(suo)上(shang)止(zhi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)六(liu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)壓(ya)縮(suo)上(shang)止(zhi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)六(liu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)五(wu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)尾(wei)（進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)結(jie)束）四(si)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)（排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)一缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)二(er)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)尾(wei)（進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)結(jie)束）三缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)（排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)）五(wu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)壓(ya)縮(suo)上(shang)止(zhi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)壓(ya)縮(suo)上(shang)止(zhi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)三缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)尾(wei)（進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)結(jie)束）一缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)（排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)）五(wu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)四(si)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)尾(wei)（進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)結(jie)束）六(liu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)（排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)）三缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)壓(ya)縮(suo)上(shang)止(zhi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)四(si)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)壓(ya)縮(suo)上(shang)止(zhi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)四(si)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)六(liu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)尾(wei)（進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)結(jie)束）五(wu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)（排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)）三缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)一缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)抬(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)尾(wei)（進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)結(jie)束）二(er)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)剛(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)（排(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)(yi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)）歸納起來(lai)。
即(ji)看后缸(gang)(gang)(gang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)尾，前一缸(gang)(gang)(gang)排氣(qi)(qi)頭（剛(gang)(gang)開(kai)始(shi)）。這種方法對于(yu)六缸(gang)(gang)(gang)機排氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)開(kai)啟角(jiao)、進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)滯后角(jiao)大(da)于(yu)或等于(yu)60o時(shi)適用（或者氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)重(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)角(jiao)大(da)于(yu)25o時(shi)）。進(jin)(jin)(jin)口發動(dong)機充氣(qi)(qi)系(xi)數大(da)，往(wang)往(wang)適用。以上方法為(wei)什(shen)么能(neng)準確把握1缸(gang)(gang)(gang)壓(ya)縮上止點(dian)位置呢？我(wo)們(men)知道每種發動(dong)機都(dou)有氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)重(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)角(jiao)，一般都(dou)在(zai)20o－65o以內，國產(chan)6135及(ji)(ji)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口發動(dong)機充氣(qi)(qi)系(xi)數較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，重(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)角(jiao)都(dou)在(zai)40o以上，而(er)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)延遲及(ji)(ji)排氣(qi)(qi)提前角(jiao)都(dou)較(jiao)(jiao)，接近或大(da)于(yu)60o，BF6L913C的氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)重(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)角(jiao)為(wei)64o，其配(pei)氣(qi)(qi)相位及(ji)(ji)展開(kai)圖如圖1。在(zai)互缸(gang)(gang)(gang)壓(ya)縮上止點(dian)A，對稱缸(gang)(gang)(gang)6缸(gang)(gang)(gang)氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)重(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)角(jiao)為(wei)64o，6缸(gang)(gang)(gang)排氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)抬(tai)頭（關(guan)閉中(zhong)），進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)點(dian)頭（打(da)開(kai)中(zhong)）；而(er)5缸(gang)(gang)(gang)恰處于(yu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)結束，即(ji)進(jin)(jin)(jin)氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)抬(tai)頭尾；4缸(gang)(gang)(gang)處于(yu)排氣(qi)(qi)初，排氣(qi)(qi)門(men)(men)剛(gang)(gang)點(dian)頭。
4缸作功的(de)曲轉角(jiao)110o，排(pai)氣門(men)應早(zao)開(kai)(kai)10o[360o-（120o+120o）=10o，即5缸進氣尾與4缸排(pai)氣初(chu)只(zhi)(zhi)交叉10o，故掌握互缸上止(zhi)點準(zhun)確(que)位置(zhi)不會相差10o。考慮(lv)氣門(men)傳(chuan)動(dong)機構(gou)的(de)磨損（只(zhi)(zhi)會使(shi)氣門(men)早(zao)閉遲開(kai)(kai)），及5缸進氣結束（進氣門(men)抬頭止(zhi)），4缸排(pai)氣初(chu)，排(pai)氣門(men)剛點頭，實際(ji)控制精度要更高。顯(xian)然比只(zhi)(zhi)看6缸氣門(men)重(zhong)疊（重(zhong)疊角(jiao)為64o）要準(zhun)確(que)得多(duo)。找到了互缸上止(zhi)點后，在飛(fei)輪上刻上記(ji)號(hao)。調整6缸氣門(men)時(shi)，順發動(dong)機旋轉方(fang)向回轉360o即可(ke)(ke)，也可(ke)(ke)用同(tong)樣的(de)辦法(fa)檢查是否正確(que)。2高壓泵(beng)供(gong)油時(shi)刻的(de)調整BF6L913C發動(dong)機的(de)供(gong)油提(ti)前角(jiao)為28”，油泵(beng)齒(chi)輪上有3個均(jun)布的(de)長形孔，供(gong)調整供(gong)油提(ti)前角(jiao)用。發動(dong)機正時(shi)齒(chi)輪室和飛(fei)輪上無任(ren)何標(biao)志(zhi)。
若拆泵時不作(zuo)標(biao)記(ji)，要準(zhun)確把握供(gong)油(you)(you)時刻(ke)(ke)往往很難，若拆開正時齒(chi)輪室重對(dui)記(ji)號又(you)很麻(ma)煩，我(wo)們采用(yong)以下辦(ban)法(fa)證明是(shi)切實可行的(de)。發動(dong)機(ji)(ji)皮(pi)帶輪外(wai)徑為240mm，則提前(qian)28o所(suo)對(dui)應的(de)弧長為(280×3.14×240)/360o=58.6mm.（l）按前(qian)述調節氣(qi)(qi)門(men)的(de)辦(ban)法(fa)找出1缸壓(ya)縮上止(zhi)(zhi)點的(de)準(zhun)確位置，并在(zai)正時齒(chi)輪室外(wai)及皮(pi)帶輪上刻(ke)(ke)好記(ji)號。（2）再道時針搖轉曲軸(zhou)（從風(feng)機(ji)(ji)端(duan)(duan)看(kan)，逆(ni)發動(dong)機(ji)(ji)運(yun)轉方向(xiang)），使皮(pi)帶輪上的(de)記(ji)號與齒(chi)輪室所(suo)刻(ke)(ke)記(ji)號之(zhi)間的(de)弧長恰好為58mm。（3）裝(zhuang)上高(gao)壓(ya)泵端(duan)(duan)面連(lian)接螺(luo)栓(shuan)，排凈低壓(ya)油(you)(you)路(lu)和(he)柱(zhu)塞內(nei)的(de)空氣(qi)(qi)，將(jiang)油(you)(you)門(men)置于最大(da)供(gong)油(you)(you)位置，用(yong)套筒順時針緩慢搖轉油(you)(you)泵軸(zhou)，至1缸油(you)(you)面剛剛波動(dong)時停止(zhi)(zhi)轉動(dong)。（4）按規(gui)定扭矩(ju)裝(zhuang)上油(you)(you)泵齒(chi)輪上的(de)三個緊固螺(luo)栓(shuan)。
按這種辦(ban)法(fa)調(diao)整供油(you)提(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)角(jiao)(jiao)關鍵在(zai)于1缸上(shang)止點(dian)的(de)(de)準確位(wei)置和(he)1缸油(you)面波動的(de)(de)瞬(shun)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，使用(yong)這種辦(ban)法(fa)只會使互缸上(shang)止點(dian)稍(shao)超(chao)前(qian)(qian)（因(yin)為5缸進氣門與4缸排氣門重疊10o），從(cong)而造(zao)成供油(you)提(ti)(ti)前(qian)(qian)角(jiao)(jiao)略(lve)小(xiao)于28o，建議控制(zhi)弧(hu)長(chang)取60－65m。（補償3o）。3關于測(ce)定軸(zhou)瓦間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隙的(de)(de)幾點(dian)看法(fa)曲(qu)軸(zhou)配(pei)瓦是(shi)發動機(ji)修理中的(de)(de)關鍵工序，有的(de)(de)修理工配(pei)瓦往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)采用(yong)千分尺(chi)、量缸表測(ce)量單(dan)個(ge)(ge)軸(zhou)頸(jing)度(du)量軸(zhou)瓦間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隙。這種辦(ban)法(fa)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)會得(de)出(chu)錯誤的(de)(de)結(jie)論(lun)，尤其(qi)對于燒過(guo)瓦或(huo)使用(yong)了十(shi)多年的(de)(de)老設備。因(yin)為當軸(zhou)承座(zuo)孔（多缸機(ji)）的(de)(de)圓柱度(du)接近(jin)0．05mm、曲(qu)軸(zhou)彎(wan)曲(qu)度(du)接近(jin)0．05mm時(shi)，彎(wan)軸(zhou)對不(bu)同(tong)心的(de)(de)座(zuo)孔的(de)(de)相互位(wei)置，從(cong)圖2可以明顯(xian)地(di)看到，盡管單(dan)個(ge)(ge)軸(zhou)頸(jing)量得(de)的(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隙在(zai)正(zheng)常范(fan)圍內，但每個(ge)(ge)軸(zhou)頸(jing)的(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隙就(jiu)大不(bu)一樣了。
雖(sui)然(ran)修(xiu)理(li)工的(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)感、軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)觸痕跡能(neng)對配合(he)間(jian)隙(xi)有(you)感性認識，但沒有(you)量(liang)(liang)(liang)化，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)作為重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)理(li)技(ji)術數據。怎樣才能(neng)工序合(he)理(li)、可(ke)(ke)靠地配瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)、準確地度(du)量(liang)(liang)(liang)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)間(jian)隙(xi)呢(ni)？我認為，在(zai)(zai)修(xiu)燒過瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工齡很(hen)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)動機時(shi)(shi)，應先(xian)用量(liang)(liang)(liang)缸表(biao)、千(qian)分尺測(ce)得(de)每道(dao)(dao)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承孔(kong)及(ji)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)頸的(de)(de)(de)(de)圓柱度(du)（有(you)條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)話，最好檢測(ce)多(duo)(duo)缸機的(de)(de)(de)(de)座孔(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)偏(pian)(pian)心(xin)度(du)大小及(ji)曲軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)彎曲度(du)大小），在(zai)(zai)保(bao)證各(ge)(ge)道(dao)(dao)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承不(bu)(bu)發(fa)生卡滯(zhi)、軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)背壓足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下配瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)（若座孔(kong)橢圓度(du)超(chao)差太多(duo)(duo)，分界面(mian)附近軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)刮(gua)得(de)太多(duo)(duo)，會造(zao)成軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)松(song)動、打轉而嚴重(zhong)(zhong)拉瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)）。當各(ge)(ge)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)接(jie)觸印痕及(ji)曲軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)輕重(zhong)(zhong)適合(he)（無卡滯(zhi)）時(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)各(ge)(ge)道(dao)(dao)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)對稱方(fang)向壓上0．5－0．7mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)險絲，再測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)保(bao)險絲厚(hou)度(du)，可(ke)(ke)得(de)出(chu)各(ge)(ge)道(dao)(dao)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際配合(he)間(jian)隙(xi)。因為軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)頸最大回轉半(ban)徑與瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)座偏(pian)(pian)心(xin)最大、最小處的(de)(de)(de)(de)擠(ji)壓。決定(ding)了(le)保(bao)險絲厚(hou)度(du)。顯然(ran)這種辦(ban)法(fa)已兼(jian)容(rong)了(le)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)及(ji)座孔(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同心(xin)度(du)，所以這是一(yi)種檢測(ce)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)間(jian)隙(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最客觀、最直接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)法(fa)。
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