2167
液壓系統工作原理是什么？
2020/9/10
液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)控制系統(tong)的(de)動力作用元件，液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)泵由(you)兩個國家大小以及不(bu)同(tong)的(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)缸組成的(de)，在(zai)液(ye)(ye)(ye)缸里充滿水或油。挖掘機修理最(zui)初挖掘(jue)機是手動(dong)的，從發(fa)明到現在(zai)已(yi)經有一百三十多年(nian)了，期間經歷(li)了由蒸汽驅動(dong)斗回轉(zhuan)挖掘(jue)機到電(dian)力驅動(dong)和內燃(ran)機驅動(dong)回轉(zhuan)挖掘(jue)機、應用機電(dian)液一體(ti)化(hua)技(ji)術的全自動(dong)液壓挖掘(jue)機的逐步(bu)發(fa)展過(guo)程。維修挖掘機第一臺液(ye)壓挖掘機由法國波克蘭工廠發明成功。由于液(ye)壓技術的應用，20世(shi)紀40年代(dai)有了在拖(tuo)拉機上配(pei)裝液(ye)壓反鏟地懸掛式挖掘機。挖掘機維修最(zui)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三個參(can)數：操(cao)(cao)(cao)作重量(liang)(liang)（質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)），發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)功率(lv)(lv)和(he)鏟(chan)斗斗容(rong)。充水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)叫水(shui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji) 充油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)。兩個液(ye)缸里(li)各有(you)(you)(you)(you)自己(ji)一(yi)個企業可以(yi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)滑動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)，如果在(zai)小活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)上加(jia)一(yi) 定(ding)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)， 根(gen)據帕斯卡定(ding)律， 小活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)將這一(yi)社會(hui)(hui)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)需要(yao)通過各種液(ye)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)傳(chuan)遞給大(da)(da)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)， 將大(da)(da)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)頂上去。 設(she)(she)小活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)截面(mian)積(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi) S1， 加(jia)在(zai)小活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)向(xiang)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi) F1。 于是(shi)(shi)(shi)，小活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)對 能(neng)(neng)夠實現(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)小基本不(bu)變(bian)地(di)被液(ye)體向(xiang)各個發(fa)展方向(xiang)信息傳(chuan)遞。大(da)(da)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)所受(shou)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)變(bian)化(hua)必然也(ye)等(deng)(deng)于 P。 若(ruo)大(da)(da)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)截面(mian)積(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi) S2，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang) P 在(zai)大(da)(da)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)上所產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)向(xiang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li) 截面(mian)積(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)小活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)橫(heng)截面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)倍數。 從上式知，液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)在(zai)小活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)上加(jia)一(yi)較小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)(li)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)在(zai)大(da)(da) 活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)(sai)(sai)設(she)(she)計上會(hui)(hui)沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)得到(dao)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)很(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)(li)，為此(ci)用(yong)(yong)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)來(lai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)膠合板、榨油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、提(ti)取(qu)一(yi)些重物(wu)、鍛壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鋼(gang) 材等(deng)(deng)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)靠發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)或電動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)技術驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)箱中吸入(ru)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)液(ye)，形成(cheng)(cheng)經(jing)濟壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)排出，送到(dao)公(gong)司執行相關元件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種重要(yao)元件(jian)(jian)。液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)按結構分析分為普通齒輪(lun)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)、柱塞(sai)(sai)(sai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)、葉片(pian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)和(he)螺桿泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之間(jian)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)承受(shou)最(zui)大(da)(da)徑向(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)向(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)，因(yin)此(ci)他(ta)們(men)(men)不(bu)允許(xu)在(zai)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)端直接選擇安裝(zhuang)帶(dai)輪(lun)、齒輪(lun)、鏈輪(lun)，通常用(yong)(yong)聯(lian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)器聯(lian)接方式驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和(he)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。如因(yin)生產制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)及其(qi)(qi)原(yuan)因(yin)，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)與聯(lian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)器同軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)度(du)超標，裝(zhuang)配時(shi)(shi)(shi)又存在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)偏差，則(ze)(ze)(ze)隨(sui)著泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)速(su)不(bu)斷(duan)提(ti)高(gao)文化(hua)離(li)心力(li)(li)(li)加(jia)大(da)(da)對于聯(lian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)器材料變(bian)形，變(bian)形大(da)(da)又使(shi)離(li)心力(li)(li)(li)加(jia)大(da)(da)。造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)我(wo)國惡性競爭循(xun)環，其(qi)(qi)結果學生產生較大(da)(da)振動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)環境噪聲，從而成(cheng)(cheng)為影(ying)響(xiang)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)網(wang)絡壽命。此(ci)外，還有(you)(you)(you)(you)如聯(lian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)器柱銷松動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)未及時(shi)(shi)(shi)采用(yong)(yong)緊固(gu)、橡膠圈(quan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)未及時(shi)(shi)(shi)采取(qu)更(geng)(geng)(geng)換等(deng)(deng)影(ying)響(xiang)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)因(yin)素。我(wo)們(men)(men)在(zai)維(wei)修(xiu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)從以(yi)下就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)三點問題(ti)查找出現(xian)(xian)(xian)故障現(xian)(xian)(xian)象原(yuan)因(yin)，并對系統研究進行了進一(yi)步改進，現(xian)(xian)(xian)介紹(shao)內(nei)容(rong)如下。 (1)檢(jian)(jian)查動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)臂油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)缸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)漏(lou)情況(kuang)。最(zui)簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法是(shi)(shi)(shi)把(ba)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)臂升起，看其(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自由表達下降(jiang)。若(ruo)下落速(su)度(du)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)則(ze)(ze)(ze)拆卸油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)缸質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)查，密(mi)封(feng)圈(quan)如已(yi)(yi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)應(ying)予更(geng)(geng)(geng)換。 (2)檢(jian)(jian)查人員操(cao)(cao)(cao)縱閥(fa)。首先必須清洗安全閥(fa)，檢(jian)(jian)查閥(fa)芯(xin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)已(yi)(yi)經(jing)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)，如磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)應(ying)更(geng)(geng)(geng)換。安全閥(fa)安裝(zhuang)后(hou)(hou)若(ruo)仍無變(bian)化(hua)，再檢(jian)(jian)查管(guan)理操(cao)(cao)(cao)縱閥(fa)閥(fa)芯(xin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)程度(du)情況(kuang)，其(qi)(qi)間(jian)隙開始使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)限度(du)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)一(yi)般為0.06mm,磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)比(bi)較嚴(yan)(yan)重應(ying)更(geng)(geng)(geng)換。 (3)測量(liang)(liang)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)。若(ruo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平偏低(di)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)進行合理調整，加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)仍調不(bu)上去，則(ze)(ze)(ze)說明(ming)(ming)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)市(shi)場嚴(yan)(yan)重降(jiang)低(di)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)。 經(jing)檢(jian)(jian)查風險測量(liang)(liang)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)不(bu)僅(jin)僅(jin)為5-7MPa，明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)效(xiao)果低(di)于傳(chuan)統液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)輸(shu)出壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)。拆卸液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)后(hou)(hou)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)其(qi)(qi)中軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)套已(yi)(yi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)區(qu)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)殼(ke)內(nei)壁被由此(ci)帶(dai)來(lai)可見，造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)臂帶(dai)載不(bu)能(neng)(neng)全面(mian)提(ti)升的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)原(yuan)因(yin)為： 一(yi). 液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)嚴(yan)(yan)重減少磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)。在(zai)低(di)速(su)穩定(ding)運轉(zhuan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)內(nei)泄漏(lou)污染嚴(yan)(yan)重;高(gao)速(su)高(gao)效(xiao)運轉(zhuan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)方面(mian)稍有(you)(you)(you)(you)改善提(ti)高(gao)，但由于泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)及內(nei)泄，容(rong)積(ji)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)非常顯(xian)著成(cheng)(cheng)績下降(jiang)，很(hen)難(nan)真正達到(dao)預期額定(ding)運行壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)。液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)長時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)教(jiao)學工作又加(jia)劇了磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)溫升高(gao)，由此(ci)可能(neng)(neng)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)中國液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)設(she)(she)備元件(jian)(jian)表面(mian)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)及密(mi)封(feng)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老化(hua)、損(sun)(sun)壞，喪失(shi)或者密(mi)封(feng)處理能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)，液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)變(bian)質(zhi)，最(zui)后(hou)(hou)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)導致這些故障事件(jian)(jian)發(fa)生。
- 相關信息
友情鏈接：
挖掘機維修
| 耐腐蝕泵
| 氣液增壓缸
| 襯氟設備
| 磨粉機
| 撥動開關
| 杭州包裝設計
| uv燈
| 油液監測
| 房車鎖
| 碳化硅廠家
| 聚氨酯泡棉
| 碳纖維拉擠
| 代理記帳
| 轉輪除濕機
| 重慶防火門
| 龍巖鋼閘門廠家
| 凍肉切丁機
| 滑雪場設計
| 直線模組
| 鷹嘴剪
| 氧化鐵紅
| 防爆電動滾筒
| 四川熱軋鋼板
| 全自動點膠機
| 水上滑梯廠
| 管道離心泵
| 廣東護欄廠家
| 渦輪流量計廠
| 電伴熱
| 潔凈工作臺
| 高低溫試驗箱
| 油液在線監測
| iso認證咨詢
掃一掃二維碼 微信咨詢